1.
Know
the meaning of the terms energy, potential energy, kinetic energy, heat, work,
the Law of Conservation of Energy, system, surroundings, universe,
thermodynamics, exothermic, endothermic, thermodynamic state, and state
functions.
2.
Know
the format used for calculating a change in state function and understand that
changes are path independent.
3.
Know
what is stated in the First Law of Thermodynamics.
4.
Understand
the meanings of the terms internal energy, DE, heat (q), and
work (w). Know how DE
is related to q and w.
5.
Be
aware of the significance of the signs for q (heat) and w (work). Understand how the sign for w relates to work
done on or by the system.
6.
On a
potential energy diagram, be able to recognize areas relating to reactants,
products, activation energy (not always shown), and total change in enthalpy (DH). Be able to draw appropriate potential energy
diagrams for endothermic and exothermic processes.
7.
Know
the meaning of the term enthalpy change and how it is calculated. Be able to use molar enthalpy change values (DH)
for reactions to calculate heat gained or lost if give a specific mass of one
of the reactants.
8.
Be
familiar with the experimental technique of calorimetry and how it is
performed. Know how and why the heat
capacity of the calorimeter is calculated.
If the heat capacity of the calorimeter is known, know how to calculate
the heat change of a reaction.
9.
Know
what information is conveyed by the specific heat capacity and the molar heat
capacity of a substance. Be able to use
this information in calculations.
10.
Be
familiar with the format for writing a thermochemical
equation, and be able to write thermochemical
equations for exothermic and endothermic reactions. Understand the significance of the sign of DH.
11.
Be
familiar with Hess’s Law and be able to use it to calculate enthalpy changes
for reactions.
12.
Know
what is meant by the thermodynamic standard state of a substance and be aware
of the conventions for standard states shown on p. 260.
13.
Know
what is signified by DH°f (standard molar heat/enthalpy of formation). Be able to use
Appendix 4 to write thermochemical equations for
reactions of formation.
14.
Know
what is signified by DH°rxn (standard enthalpy change/standard heat
of reaction). Be able to calculate DH°rxn values using DH°f values and Hess’s Law.
15.
Be
aware of the chemical composition, sources, and common uses for fossil fuels:
petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Be
familiar with the products of combustion reactions involving fossil fuels and
the way in which combustion of fossil fuels contributes to the greenhouse
effect.
16.
Be
aware of the advantages and disadvantages for using hydrogen as a fuel source
for electricity in homes/businesses and for combustion in automobiles. Describe how wind energy could help to solve
one of the disadvantages.
17.
Know
the meaning of the term bond energy and understand how the quantity relates to
bond strength. Understand the general
trend between the relative strength of single, double, and triple bonds
involving the same atoms.
18.
Be
able to calculate DH°rxn from bond energy values. Understand that this type of calculation can
only be used for molecules and atoms in their gaseous state.